The causative mutation is the substitution of valine for glutamic acid at the sixth position of the β globin chain (Glu6Val). Sickle cell hemoglobin (HbS) behaves like normal hemoglobin when ...

In sickle-cell disease, a single nucleotide change within the haemoglobin beta subunit gene — swapping out the amino acid glutamate for valine — gives rise to defective molecules with ...

Ingram sequenced these two peptides and showed that the β chain of sickle cell hemoglobin had a valine residue at a position where normal hemoglobin had a glutamic acid residue 3. The atomic ...