Geologists have made certain assumptions about how the crust making up our planet's earliest surface formed, but a new study ...

Earth's crust today has a surprisingly similar composition to the planet's first outer shell, or "protocrust," new research ...

Modern continental rocks carry chemical signatures from the very start of our planet's history, challenging current theories about plate tectonics.

The Earth has a layered structure made up of the core, the mantle and the crust. Different elements are present in different parts of the Earth’s structure. The crust is made from enormous ...

It’s long been thought that tectonic plates needed to dive beneath each other to create the chemical fingerprint we see in ...