Assessing student learning effectively is often complicated by relying on ambiguous proxies such as grades, quiz scores, or assumptions about students' internal states, such as what they feel, think, ...

In education, as in psychology, clarity matters. Yet in everyday conversations about teaching and learning, terms like learning theory and pedagogy are often used interchangeably. Phrases such as “We ...

Increases in computing power and the availability of more data through social media and crowdsourcing have facilitated the use of machine-learning in psychological research. Machine learning has been ...