The recorders dated from the early 1960s, and internally their electronics were from the germanium transistor era ... difficult to make an op-amp with a low noise level at fractions of a Hz ...

(Transistors at this level would be solely used as switches for binary coding, not as amplifiers.) In fact, such a tiny device might make use of the quantum weirdness of the ultra-small.

Analog transistor-level cells (e.g. opamps, switches ... the simplicity of the pixel models (when compared to frequently encountered analog components such as amplifiers, oscillators, etc) gives us ...

At its most basic level, a transistor is a semiconductor device ... source and drain terminals and can act as both a switch and amplifier. Wrapping this gate around all sides of a source (or ...

A Class A tube amplifier which uses four nuvistor valves, the new model strives for a "sweet sound" with "huge power and transparency", packing in four output transistors per channel and ...

The first transistor was about half an inch high ... This contraption was the very first semiconductor amplifier, because when a bit of current came through one of the gold contacts, another ...

Rob Roy, Debashis Bhattacharya, Zenasis Technologies, Inc., Campbell, CA 95008 Abstract As feature sizes continue to shrink at a breakneck pace, transistor-level analysis and optimization in digital ...