Optical flats are single precision flat surfaces. They are used as reference surfaces to compare flatness of a substrate where flatness is unknown. When a high quality optical flat is placed on top of ...

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Topography becomes more important in quality assurance for manufacturing. This regards the characterization of macro-sized to medium optics and the optimization of a manufacturing process using a ...

The latest production line of one of China’s largest steel manufacturers is equipped with an innovative optical flatness measurement system, which was developed in Austria. The confirmed comprises a ...

Optical Flats are primarily used as a reference surface to determine the flatness of an unknown work surface. With one, or two, surfaces that are precision polished with a high-quality surface finish, ...