There is one thing that unites almost every computer and logic circuit commonly used in the hardware hacking and experimentation arena. No matter what its age, speed, or internal configuration, ...

Often, it becomes necessary to interface an existing or new 5V AVR / PIC / MCU project to new devices that use 3.3V logic, like memory cards, sim cards, etc. Described here is a circuit that converts ...

Learn about digital states, voltage logic levels, and logic level families for digital signals. This tutorial is part of the Instrument Fundamentals series.

Research is underway to develop a new type of logic device, called non-volatile logic (NVL), based on ferroelectric FETs. FeFETs have been a topic of high interest at recent industry conferences, but ...