To implement the commercialization of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and smart grid systems, further improvements are required, especially with respect to the energy/power density, ...

Customer-centric innovation is helping US manufacturer Kimball Physics to prosper in its specialist niche of ultrahigh-vacuum electron and ion optics Eyeing the horizon: Kimball Physics is active ...

Pulsed testbed the CSRm ion storage ring in Lanzhou, China. (Courtesy: IMP) Physicists in the US and China have studied how a pulsed beam of electrons can be used to cool a beam of high-energy ions – ...

High-energy-density lithium-ion batteries are essential for next-generation electric vehicles and energy storage systems.

An Ionic bond is formed when one of the atoms can donate electrons to achieve the inert gas electron configuration and the other atom needs electrons to achieve the inert gas electron configuration.