In the early days of the semiconductor industry, integrated circuits were designed by one or two engineers with slide-rules, hand-drawn on paper, and then given to a lithographer to print onto silicon ...

Humans had to carry out all their machining processes by hand for centuries. Even precision tools had to be maneuvered very carefully, inch by inch, by people holding the devices personally. That all ...

With fully interactive products now the norm, mechanical-control circuitry has emerged as an integral part of embedded-system design. Although designers have since the early days of electronics used ...