An Apgar (activity, pulse, grimace, appearance, respiration) score is a quick and standard test done on newborn babies within the first minutes of life. It was originally introduced by Virginia Apgar ...

The Apgar score remains a cornerstone of immediate neonatal assessment, assigning a value from 0 to 10 based on five criteria—heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability and ...

In his masterful book Better, surgeon Atul Gawande writes that in the 1950s, newborn babies in the United States faced great danger: "One in thirty still died at birth—odds that were scarcely better ...

The Apgar test grades infants in five areas, including skin tone. Babies of color score lower, and may be subjected to unnecessary treatment. By Roni Caryn Rabin Shortly after they’re born, infants ...

In medicine, inertia can be a strangely powerful force, but Virginia Apgar never succumbed to it. She brought incredible energy to her work in anesthesia, neonatology, and dysmorphology (the study of ...

An objective assessment for post-surgical patients is critical to decreasing mortality and improving patient outcomes, according to an editorial published in Anesthesiology by Atul A. Gawande, MD, MPH ...

A 5-minute Apgar score < 7 was significantly associated with increased risks for in-hospital mortality, severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), retinopathy of ...

Virginia Apgar kept score for America's babies and coveted scores on the violin as well. She was a doctor, musician, instrument maker — and an overall pioneering female physician who overcame the ...